Characteristics of Afforestation in Azerbaijan: Oak Afforestation

This study examines the characteristics and prospects of artificial afforestation in Azerbaijan, with particular emphasis on the establishment and regeneration of oak plantations, especially chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia). The study provides an overview of the geographical distribution, forest resources, dominant tree species, and ecological significance of Azerbaijan’s forests, while highlighting the importance of artificial afforestation and reforestation for sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation. Particular attention is given to the distribution, ecological characteristics, and silvicultural potential of chestnut-leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia) within the forest ecosystems of Azerbaijan. The study discusses the main methods of establishing oak plantations, including continuous and partial afforestation, seed sowing, planting, and combined approaches. Detailed recommendations are presented concerning acorn collection and storage, soil preparation, sowing techniques, planting density, species mixing patterns, protection of young plantations, and agronomic management. The findings suggest that appropriate sowing techniques, particularly the row-and-hole and square-cluster methods, combined with effective soil preparation and plantation protection, significantly improve the successful establishment and long-term sustainability of oak plantations. The study also highlights the potential for expanding chestnut-leaved oak plantations in suitable forest areas, including the Ismayilli Forest Fund, as an important measure for forest restoration, biodiversity conservation, and sustainable forest management in Azerbaijan.