Spread of Forest Ecosystems in Azerbaijan, Structure, Usage Changes and Learning

This article provides an analysis of the distribution and structure of forest ecosystems, changes in use, and the work carried out in the last 10-15 years in the direction of their study. For this, the report materials of the Forest Development Service of the MENR for the relevant years were used. Here, the dynamics of changes in the spread of trees and forest covers in the Republic, their distribution by area and species, are given. Here, at the same time, a distribution scheme for land use categories was developed. Hansen’s global changes in forest lands during 2000-2018 are presented. The article shows the biodiversity characteristics of the forest ecosystems of the Republic, the distribution directions of the main forest-forming species in the altitudinal zones of mountainous areas, which were analyzed. The work also highlights the main functions of forest ecosystems and their role. Finally, issues such as the protection of forest ecosystems and their sustainable development and expansion of their areas are analyzed, and promising directions are identified.